The most significant event and contribution of physical education in the development of the economy of the Philippines
Physical Education in the Philippines
PRE-SPANISH PERIOD
The life of Filipinos (Negritos or Aetas) before the Spaniards came in the country live a life that is similar or other people from other countries in the primitive society. They were considered wanderer of the land, transferred from one place to anotherr, used to hunt for food, and protect their lives from the intimidating environment. Survival is their only reason to move. With this, they were able to learn different skills like running, jumping, leaping, and even climbing which basically made them stronger and physically fit.
Filipinos are known to be fond of music and dancing. Negritos living in Bataan, Zambales, and Tarlac were observed in different activities relative to dancing and singing. Musical instruments made of bamboo and mountain cane with abaca fibers were some of their instruments which are played like a violin. Dances in the prehistoric period are an imitation of their way of living. One of their popular dances is called “Juna Camote”, a dance which describes a man going through a motion of stealing a camotes in the field. Another dance is called “Pina Pa – ni – lan”, also a dance performed by a man going through a motion of gathering honey from a tree. All of these prove that primitive dances existed together with the primitive people.
Indonesians and Malays
Their physical activities consisted of producing food through planting and cultivating the mountain sides.
Dancing was a form of a religious activity. They danced..
-to please their gods
-to cure their sick
-to call for rain when drought occurs
-after a bountiful harvest
-for victory in a tribal war called "cañao"
Cockfighting is considered an ancient sport in the Philippines. Pigafetta who was the chronicle of the expeditions of Magellan mentioned cockfighting as a notable sights he saw in the island of Palawan. Historian believed that this sport was probably introduced by the Malays in as early as A.D. 1212 during the rule of Datu Sumakwel od the island of Panay. He was also impressed with the dancers who were adept dancing maidens who entertained them with the accompaniment of crude musical instruments. The observation of Jesuit Father Collin’s observation of the early dances were in the beating of the drums with measured variations which can put one in suspense especially in a war dance, and with such elegance and liveliness that they have not been judged as indecorous but which added to the seriousness of the celebrations.
SPANISH REGIME
The Spanish colonial period of the Philippines began when explorer Ferdinand Magellan came to the islands in 1521 and claimed it as a colony for the Spanish Empire. The period lasted until the Philippine Revolution in 1898. ... According to the Pew Research Center, more than 80 percent of Filipinos were Catholic in 2010.
Favorite pastim
- bathing
-swimming
Cockfighting still continued to be the favorite sport of the contry.
Dancing continued one of the major physical activities enjoyed by the people.
-Fandango dance
-Curacha
-Jota
-Polka
-Mazurka
-Rigodon
-Lanceros
Ceremonial dances were performed during religious events, like Santracuzan where in people ate, sang, drank and dance to their heart's content
Games were played by Filipinos during a grand celebration or after the Santacruzan. Games like:
-pabitin
-Palo Sebo
-Juego de Anillo
-Sungka
-Siklot
and also piko, luksong tinik and bide and seek. Young boys plays patintero, sipa, top spinning and kite flying.
Card games were very popular recreational to old folks which were introduced by the Spaniards.
Native Filipino theater were inspired by plays performed by Spaniards during civic and religious gatherings. The first play staged by Filipinos was corrido, a Spanish play which was derived from the fantastic tales of chivalry contained in the Spanish ballads. Another spectacular stage play was Moro – Moro, a play about the war between Christians and Moors complicated by the loves of Christians and the Moorish or Moorish princess.
Schools, colleges and universities were established for formal training of the Filipinos. In these institutions, physical education was not included in the curriculum.
American Period
The period of American colonialization of the Philippines lasted 48 years, from cession of the Philippines to the U.S. by Spain in 1898 to U.S. recognition of Philippine independence in 1946. ... America then held the Philippines until granting full independence on July 4, 1946.
190l - Physical exercise was one of the subjects introduced in the public schools and a regular program of athletics was developed.
1905- Baseball and track and field were introduced and taught to the young boys in school.
1909- The athletic program for the schools was inaugurated.
1910- Basketball was first intoduced as a game for girls.
1911- The "Athletic Handbook" was published.
1914- The Teachers Vacation Assembly in Manila gave special training to Filipino teachers.
1919- A syllabus entitled "Physical Education :A Manual for Teachers" was published.
1920- Physical education was made required subjects in the curriculum of all public schools.
1928-A summer school for coaching was held
THE END....
SUBMITTED TO: Mr. Rostico Tolibas SPEC 104-PE
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